Priorities
Errand Priority
Duplicants prioritize their errands based on several factors. Some of these can be adjusted to affect errand choice, but some errands (such as seeking breathable Oxygen) are so important that they cannot be delayed. Errand priority can primarily be controlled by Errand Type prioritization, and then can be further fine-tuned by the Priority Tool {Hotkey/Prioritize}.
Errand Type Prioritization
Each errand a Duplicant can perform falls into an Errand Category. These categories can be prioritized on a per-Duplicant basis in the Priorities Screen. Entire errand categories can also be prohibited to a Duplicant if they are meant to never perform errands of that variety. A common configuration is to assign errand type priority based on Duplicant attributes.For example, Duplicants who are good at Research could be made to prioritize the Researching errand type. Duplicants with poor Athletics could be made to deprioritize the Supplying and Storing errand types.
Priority Tool
The priority of errands can often be modified using the Priority tool {Hotkey/Prioritize}. The values applied by this tool are always less influential than the Errand Type priorities described above. If two errands with equal Errand Type Priority are available to a Duplicant, they will choose the errand with a higher priority setting as applied by the tool.
Tutorial: Errand Priorities
To learn more, see Tutorial: Errand Priorities.